苏北海滨湿地互花米草地上生物量动态          下载免费PDF全文

徐伟伟  王国祥  刘金娥  陈正勇  宋康  吴晓东 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(1):132-140

在江苏盐城新洋港滩涂由海向陆建立样地:零星米草斑块(SAP)、稳定米草滩下边缘(SAFI)、2003年米草定居处(SAF03)、1989年米草定居处(SAF89),对互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的生物量动态变化进行了研究。结果表明:1)除SAF03样地外,其他样地互花米草叶生物量随时间的推移都有不同程度的减少,SAF03叶生物量始终都显著高于其他样地(P<0.05);各样地茎和繁殖器官生物量均有所增加,繁殖前期SAFI处茎生物量增长最快,达18.97g.m2.d-1;离海越近繁殖器官生物量增加越大;11月份SAF89样地各器官生物量顺序为:叶>茎>繁殖器官,其他样地:茎>叶>繁殖器官。2)各次调查中,随着时间的推移各样地叶生物量分配减少,而茎生物量与繁殖器官生物量分配增多;由陆向海各样地叶生物量分配减少,而茎生物量与繁殖器官生物量分配增加。3)SAFI处互花米草地下/地上生物量的比值为2.39,极显著高于其他样地(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

北部湾金线鱼、深水金线鱼与日本金线鱼矢耳石形态识别的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

侯刚  冯波  颜云榕  卢伙胜  吴仁协 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(3):27-35

采用2010年1～9月采自北部湾及邻近海域流刺网渔获的54尾金线鱼(Nemipterus virgatus( Houttuyn,1782))、71尾深水金线鱼(Nemi pterus bath ybius Snyder,1911)和65尾日本金线鱼(Nemi pterus ja ponicus (Bloch,1791))耳石样本,进行了椭圆傅立叶分析.耳石轮廓经图像处理后进行灰阶转换和二值化处理,消除噪点,然后解析为椭圆傅立叶标码( EFDs).采用77个EFD系数进行主成分分析和判别分析来区分3种金线鱼的耳石.结果表明,日本金线鱼幼鱼和成鱼耳石在性成熟前后存在显著的体长效应(P＜0.05),金线鱼和深水金线鱼则体长效应不显著(P＞0.05).因此在耳石椭圆傅立叶分析中,日本金线鱼采用性成熟个体样本,金线鱼和深水金线鱼采用全部样本.主成分分析中,第1、第2和第3主成分,分别解释了总变异的65.1％,15.3％和5.3％,可以将3种金线鱼耳石区分开来.EFD系数的逐步判别分析中,3种鱼的平均正判率达98.6％;交互验证结果显示,3种鱼的平均正判率达97.9％,这表明耳石椭圆傅立叶分析可以作为鱼种识别的有效工具.  相似文献   

Relationship between phytoplankton composition and environmental factors in the surface waters of southern South China Sea in early summer of 2009   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KE Zhixin  TAN Yehui  HUANG Liangmin  ZHANG Jianlin  LIAN Shumin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(3):109-119

Horizontal distributions of phytoplankton abundance,species composition as well as environmental factors were investigated in the surface waters of southern South China Sea(SCS) in early summer(May 16 to June 7) of 2009.In most areas of southern SCS,the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were very low and DIN/DIP ratios usually were lower than the Redfield N/P Ratio of 16:1.Nitrogen nutrients were significant lower in the upwelling region off Vietnam.A total of 144 taxa of phytoplankton were identified in the study area.The dominant genera were Prorocentrum,Gonyaulax,Gyrodinium,Scrippsiella and Chaetoceros,respectively.Spatial patterns of early-summer phytoplankton abundance and species composition should be mainly controlled by the upwelling off Vietnam and the discharge of Mekong River in the southern SCS.Diatoms dominated in the nutritious Mekong River Estuary or upwelling region off Vietnam;while dinoflagellates dominated in the oligotrophic pelagic region.The canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicates that most of diatoms favor higher levels of silicate and phosphorus,as well as lower temperature;while most of dinoflagellates favor the lower silicate and phosphorous and higher temperature.Correlation and CCA results indicate that silicate,nitrate and temperature were the most relevant environmental factors to regulate the horizontal pattern of early-summer phytoplankton in the surface waters of southern SCS.  相似文献   

Enoplus taipingensis, a new species of marine nematode from the rocky intertidal seaweeds in the Taiping Bay, Qingdao     

ZHANG Zhinan  ZHOU Hong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(2):102-108

One new species of free-living marine nematodes Enoplus taipingensis sp.nov.from the rocky intertidal seaweeds in the Taiping Bay,Qingdao is described and illustrated with scanning electron microscopy observation and 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis.Enoplus taipingensis is characterized by special arrangement of lateral setae on the tail,three cervical setae,distal structure on the supplement,and much longer body length with bigger De Man ratio "a".Type specimens are deposited in the College of Marine Life Science,Ocean University of China.  相似文献   

台湾岛以东海域束毛藻种群的组成与分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王雨  林茂  杨清良  林更铭 《海洋通报》2012,31(4):426-432

分别对1996年5月和1997年7月台湾岛以东黑潮及邻近海域51个采样站位的87份网采浮游植物进行了分析,总结了束毛藻种群的物种构成和丰度分布特征,并初步探讨了水动力条件、温盐、营养盐及其他元素对束毛藻生长及分布的影响.结果表明,调查区的束毛藻种群由铁氏束毛藻(Trichodesmium thiebautii)、汉氏束毛藻(Trichodesmium hildebrandtii)和红海束毛藻(Trichodesmium erythraeum)组成,前者分布最为普遍,检出率100%,丰度最大.1996年5月束毛藻平均藻丝体密度为44.55伊102 filaments/m3,铁氏束毛藻占91%,在吕宋海峡密集,总体呈现西南高,东北低的分布态势.1997年7月束毛藻平均藻丝体密度为152.72伊102 filaments/m3,铁氏束毛藻占99%,除吕宋海峡外,台湾东北部海域为次高值区,总体呈现西南高,中部和东部低的分布态势.较之邻近海区结果,台湾岛以东黑潮及邻近海域的束毛藻平均藻丝体密度高于太平洋赤道热带海域、南黄海和东海陆架区、东海产卵场,低于台湾海峡西侧20 m 以浅和东海低氧区.在台湾岛以东海域,束毛藻的丰度分布由其特定的地理位置和黑潮流向所决定,高温高盐的黑潮水系利于束毛藻的增殖,束毛藻的丰度分布与 Fe、P 等化学因子的关系有待进一步寻找证据.  相似文献   

Analysis of the economic benefits associated with the recovery of threatened marine mammal species in the Canadian St. Lawrence Estuary     

P.C. Boxall  W.L. AdamowiczM. Olar  G.E. WestG. Cantin 《Marine Policy》2012,36(1):189-197

This paper examines Canadians' willingness to pay to recover the populations of three marine mammal species found in the St Lawrence Estuary. The valuation approach utilized a stated preference tool that is somewhat a hybrid between contingent valuation and a choice experiment with multiple species recovery program options and choices framed as referenda. Program options involved the use of a marine protected area and restrictions on whale watching and shipping industries. The estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for different levels of marine mammal recovery ranged from $77 to $229 per year per household and varied according to the species affected and the recovery program effort. A series of tests revealed that people would be willing to pay more for programs that contribute to greater increases in marine mammal populations, but the additional value of programs that improve a species status beyond the “at risk” threshold is relatively small.  相似文献   

樟子松固沙林带间植被恢复及其对林草界面作用的响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜丽娜  杨文斌  姚云峰  卢琦  杜敏  王琳琳 《中国沙漠》2011,31(2):372-378

调查了海拉尔市巴音岱林场不同分布格局、不同带间距的人工樟子松林带内植被恢复过程及物种多样性的差异,分析了林草界面生态学效应,研究了林草界面对带间植被自然恢复的作用。结果表明,宽的带间距带内物种多样性和生物量变化曲线出现了两个高峰,而窄的带间距带内只有一个高峰,说明该地区林带之间距离不应小于12 m;当林带之间距离为16~28 m时草本物种多样性出现最大值。植被恢复效果表现为带间距12 m差于带间距24 m,虽然都差于天然植被,但边际效应大大地加速了群落演替的进程。研究区樟子松林草界面边缘效应影响域为20 m, 其小尺度范围内生境异质性也很明显。行带式造林带间距离不应大于40 m,超出边缘效应影响域不利于带间植被恢复。  相似文献   

典型沙生植物差不嘎蒿研究进展与展望     

牛瑞雪  李锋瑞  刘继亮  黄志刚 《中国沙漠》2011,31(1):63-67

差不嘎蒿（Artemisia halodendron）是我国半干旱沙区特有的菊科蒿属半灌木,具有抗风蚀、耐沙埋、耐高温、耐贫瘠和兼性克隆繁殖等生物学特性,是重要的先锋固沙植物和珍贵的抗逆种质资源,具有较高的生态和生物学开发利用价值。从生物学特性、种群生态学和生理生态适应性等几个方面较系统地评述了国内外关于差不嘎蒿的研究动态及其进展,并在此基础上,提出了差不嘎蒿研究的发展方向及需要进一步关注的关键科学问题,旨在为有效保护和合理利用这一濒临危境的乡土物种提供科学依据。  相似文献   

三江平原土地利用变化对水体中铁环境行为的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘晓峰  阎百兴  王莉霞  曹会聪 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(3):665-670

三江平原湿地农田化对铁的赋存形态、迁移转化特征及输出量产生影响。以湿地沼泽水体和稻田水体为研究对象,利用切向超滤技术分离铁的形态,研究土地利用变化前后铁的形态、迁移转化特征的差异。结果表明：湿地农田化后水体中可溶态总铁质量浓度下降16.9%;由于水体pH值的升高,Fe²⁺质量浓度下降56.3%,非溶解态酸性不稳定铁含量显著升高。沼泽水和稻田水在迁移过程中,铁均以络合态铁和酸性不稳定态铁2种形态迁移。沼泽水在迁移过程中Fe2+和络合态铁含量下降,酸性不稳定态铁含量升高,胶体态铁含量变化不大;稻田水在迁移过程中,络合态铁和酸性不稳定态铁含量下降,Fe²⁺和胶体态铁含量较稳定。2种水体铁形态的转化有较大差异：日间沼泽水中非溶解态的酸性不稳定态铁向可溶态铁转化;稻田水体可溶态铁向酸性不稳定态铁转化。  相似文献   

Response of regeneration diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Carex Lasiocarpa</Emphasis> community to different water levels in Sanjiang Plain,China     

Li Wang  Changchun Song  Jinming Hu  Tao Yang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2010,20(1):37-42

The species diversity at the regeneration stage, inflenced by different water levels, is important for community composition in the later growing season. Regeneration diversity of Carex lasiocarpa community under different water levels was studied at two stages, recruitment and adult, in the Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province, China. The results showed that, at the two growing stages, important value of C. lasiocarpa population and species richness of the community decreased with the increasing water level, while the Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes and Pielou evenness index increased. Under different water levels, community diversities were higher at the recruitment stage, while population important values of C. lasiocarpa were higher at the adult stage. Indexes in vegetation evaluation must be chosen prudentially for successful restoration and effective management of wetlands, and especially for wetland restoration, the optimal time should be selected according to the restoration objectives and costs.  相似文献